Dren Hima

Balances and keys survive a clean halt in the last agreed state. Solana’s 2021 restart from its last confirmed slot needed at least 80% of active stake. Ethereum Classic kept producing blocks through two attacks in 2020 that orphaned more than 7,900 blocks and double spent about $9 million. BNB Beacon Chain warned that assets […]...

In most of the largest oracle exploits, the oracle reported its market accurately after the attacker had moved that market. A lending protocol stays safe only while the cheapest way to create and hold a harmful price costs more than the value that price can unlock. The 2020 bZx exploit would have paid the same […]...

Chain abstraction hands network, bridge, and gas decisions to solvers, relayers, verifiers, and signing committees. An Across relayer delivers funds in about two seconds and then waits on a settlement bundle cycle of roughly 1.5 hours. ERC-4337, EIP-7702, and EIP-5792 are Final, while the cross-chain intent standard ERC-7683 is still a Draft. The largest 2026 […]...

Reserve income was $668 million of Circle’s $701 million second-quarter 2026 total, and stablecoin chains are a bid to keep more of it. Arc, Plasma, Tempo and Stable held under 1% of stablecoin supply on 7 October 2026. Arc and Tempo finalize in under a second, against about 15 minutes on Ethereum. USDT0, the gas […]...